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The 3rd of May National Holiday celebration. A formal procession complete with marching band makes its way along Piotrkowska Street. The year 1922 is embroidered on the banner of the National Workers' Party (a political party with anti-Semitic…

Representatives of the armed forces, clerics, and members of various social and political associations took part in these 3rd of May parades, which were organized by city government. This kind of public festivity was wildly popular, as we can see…

This delousing facility was but one of many in Łódź at the time of the First World War. Official policy required boys and men being treated at such facilities to have their heads shaved. Here we see this service rendered by a man in medical garb.

In the interwar years, those overseeing the welfare of children and youths made it a priority to provide them with recreational activities during the summer. Each year, a relatively small number of children—mainly those under special care of the…

Children were assured consistent, high-quality nutrition for the duration of their stay at the summer camps. In this photograph, children are gathered at lunchtime in the dining hall at a camp located in Rabka.

Those running the summer camps were committed to round-the-clock comprehensive child care. Here, at a camp located in Rabka, we are offered a view of the clinic, where a nurse is busy taking care of young patients.

Wooden homes and tall apartment buildings made of brick or stone, cobblestone streets—whether one found oneself in one of the city's northern districts, like Bałuty, or in midtown, such an architectural landscape was characteristic of pre-war Łódź.…

By a ruling of Parliament on April 23, 1937, National Independence Day was designated a Polish state holiday—and, significantly, a day off from work. Previously, it had been a day off only for educators and government administration. This photo…

Article 1 of a ruling announced in the Journal of Laws, Isuue 33, for April 23, 1937 reads: "The day of November 11, marking the anniversary of the attainment of national independence by the Polish People and permanently bound up with the great name…