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Summer day camps were held in two courses during the vacation months (July and August), on a daily basis (excluding holidays) from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Camp attendees were entitled to three free meals a day. Here the photographer has happened upon…

The green areas in two Łódź city parks were offered up for use to the summer day camps. The first such a location was Prince Józef Poniatowski Park, and the second, established in the early 1920s, was the Park May 3rd, which served as a meeting place…

Summer day camps were organized by the local government of Łodź, and offered on a regular basis to public-school children aged 7–14 and recruited (irrespective of ethnicity or religion) from the poorest working-class neighborhoods. Summer day camps…

A man identified as Bolesław Traczykowski (the photographer, Włodzimierz Pfeiffer shared this name with us in his description of the photo's negative) poses and smiles in front of a signboard. Station XI of the "Drop of Milk" program was the last one…

The Municipal Sanatorium for Patients with tuberculosis in Chojny (then a village southwest of Łódź) was created in 1918 on Dr. Seweryn Sterling's initiative. 80 patients in the initial stages of tuberculosis could be treated at the facility…

Here we are shown the interior of a classroom at the Public School on Olsztyńska Street. The room was built to hold 48 students. Two wooden chairs stand neatly behind each desk, and all 24 desktops are equipped with inkwells. On the wall above the…

This school building at Aleksandrówska Street in Bałuty, was designed by the Polish architect Wiesław Lisowski and raised between 1927 and 1932. An expressive comb-crest crowns the building's main facade. A similar triangle motif appears in the…

Small children are resting or (in most cases) sleeping on the deck chairs filling this large room. The present photo was taken at nap time inside the Seventh Municipal Preschool. The new two-building structure built by the Łódź City Council in 1927…

During World War I, the material and medical conditions in which Łódź residents lived were dire. The lack of detergents, especially of regular soap, made proper upkeep of personal hygiene nearly impossible. Communicable diseases such as cholera,…

Those running the summer camps were committed to round-the-clock comprehensive child care. Here, at a camp located in Rabka, we are offered a view of the clinic, where a nurse is busy taking care of young patients.