Browse Items (226 total)

Samples of textile designs from Abraham Halpern's textile factory. The bedclothes, tablecloths (cotton and terylene), and the pique blanket "Narkis" are all Jacquard weaves. Over the years, they were the superbrands of HALPERN Textile Industry…

The early twentieth century was a period of intensified revolutionary movements, ranging from nationalism to communism. These movements responded to the negative effects of modernization: capitalist exploitation, economic collapse, a crisis of…

In the poor district Bałuty, radios and phonographs were scarce, but young people still enjoyed music during social gatherings at dance halls and cinemas. Some marriages were still arranged by professional matchmakers, but in the early 20th century,…

The impoverished Jewish residents of Bałuty struggled to find work, often working in small factories or as artisans, such as weavers, tailors, and shoemakers, while others were involved in trade. Children were also sent to work at a young age to help…

Jewish education in Bałuty traditionally started in the cheder, where young boys learned Hebrew and later studied the Torah; sometimes even girls attended these lessons. After Poland regained independence, compulsory education was introduced in Łódź,…

Children in Bałuty, like those all over the world, played simple games, such as pretend house, school, or shop. Boys played ball, while girls took care of dolls. After school, they often played games outside. Many enjoyed storytelling and creating…